%T Scalable Performance for Scala Message\-Passing Concurrency
%A  Andrew Bate
%E Peter H. Welch,  Frederick R. M. Barnes,  Jan F. Broenink,  Kevin Chalmers,  Jan Bækgaard Pedersen,  Adam T. Sampson
%B Communicating Process Architectures 2013
%X This paper presents an embedded domain\-specific language
   for building
massively concurrent systems. In particular, we
   demonstrate how
ultra\-lightweight cooperatively\-scheduled
   processes and
message\-passing concurrency can be provided
   for the Scala programming
language on the Java Virtual
   Machine (JVM). We make use of a
well\-known
   continuation\-passing style bytecode transformation in
   order
to achieve performance that is several orders of
   magnitude higher than
native JVM threads. Our library is
   capable of scaling to millions of
processes and messages on
   a single virtual machine instance, and our
runtime system
   will detect deadlock should it occur. Message\-passing
is
   over 100 times faster than Erlang, and context switching is
   1000
times faster than native Java threads. In benchmarks,
   the performance
of our library is close to compiled code.